Nigeria to Scrap Suicide Punishment Laws, Embraces Compassion

In a landmark move, the Federal Government has set December 2025 as the deadline to decriminalize attempted suicide in Nigeria.

This bold step aims to revolutionize the country’s approach to mental health, shifting the focus from punishment to support and care.

A Shift from Punishment to Compassion

For years, Nigeria’s laws have treated attempted suicide as a criminal offense, punishable by up to one year in prison under Sections 327 and 231 of the Criminal and Penal Codes.

However, experts have long argued that this approach is counterproductive, worsening stigma and discouraging individuals from seeking help.

The new approach recognizes that Mental Health issues require a humane and health-centered response, rather than punishment.

A New Era for Mental Health

The Coordinating Minister of Health and Social Welfare, Professor Muhammad Pate, has announced that a Government white paper has been finalized.

A draft amendment to the National Mental Health Act 2021 is ready.

The National Mental Health Act Amendment Bill 2025 aims to repeal punitive provisions in Nigeria’s criminal laws, paving the way for a more compassionate approach.

A National Taskforce on the Decriminalisation of Attempted Suicide, chaired by Professor Cheluchi Onyemelukwe, will guide the transition and launch public awareness campaigns.

Saving Lives, Reducing Stigma

The decriminalization of attempted suicide is expected to have a profound impact on mental health in Nigeria.

With over 720,000 people dying by suicide every year globally, and 73% of these deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries,

Nigeria’s move is a significant step towards aligning with global best practices.

By treating suicide as a public health concern rather than a crime, the government aims to encourage individuals to seek help without fear of punishment,

promoting a more supportive environment for those struggling with mental health issues.

A Beacon of Hope

As Nigeria embarks on this journey, the country is poised to become a beacon of hope for mental health reform in Africa.

By prioritizing compassion and care over punishment, the government can help reduce stigma, promote mental well-being, and save lives.

The clock is ticking, and December 2025 is just around the corner – will Nigeria’s bold move inspire a new era of mental health reform across the continent?